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So we fix our eyes not on what is seen, but on what is unseen, since what is seen is temporary, but what is unseen is eternal.


The Profile


Zanzibar
Age. 39
Gender. Female
Ethnicity. that of my father and his father before him
Location Altadena, CA
School. Other
» More info.
The World









The Link To Zanzibar's Past
This is my page in the beloved art community that my sister got me into:

Samarinda

Extra points for people who know what Samarinda is.
The Phases of the Moon Module
CURRENT MOON
Croc Hunter/Combat Wombat
My hero(s)
Only My Favorite Baseball Player EVER


Aw, Larry Walker, how I loved thee.
The Schedule
M: Science and Exploration
T: Cook a nice dinner
W: PARKOUR!
Th: Parties, movies, dinners
F: Picnics, the Louvre
S: Read books, go for walks, PARKOUR
Su: Philosophy, Religion
The Reading List
This list starts Summer 2006
A Crocodile on the Sandbank
Looking Backwards
Wild Swans
Exodus
1984
Tales of the Alhambra (in progress)
Dark Lord of Derkholm
Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?
The Lost Years of Merlin
Harry Potter a l'ecole des sorciers (in progress)
Atlas Shrugged (in progress)
Uglies
Pretties
Specials
A Long Way Gone (story of a boy soldier in Sierra Leone- met the author! w00t!)
The Eye of the World: Book One of the Wheel of Time
From Magma to Tephra (in progress)
Lady Chatterley's Lover
Harry Potter 7
The No. 1 Lady's Detective Agency
Introduction to Planetary Volcanism
A Child Called "It"
Pompeii
Is Multi-Culturalism Bad for Women?
Americans in Southeast Asia: Roots of Commitment (in progress)
What's So Great About Christianity?
Aeolian Geomorphology
Aeolian Dust and Dust Deposits
The City of Ember
The People of Sparks
Cube Route
When I was in Cuba, I was a German Shepard
Bound
The Golden Compass
Clan of the Cave Bear
The 9/11 Commission Report (2nd time through, graphic novel format this time, ip)
The Incredible Shrinking Man
Twilight
Eclipse
New Moon
Breaking Dawn
Armageddon's Children
The Elves of Cintra
The Gypsy Morph
Animorphs #23: The Pretender
Animorphs #25: The Extreme
Animorphs #26: The Attack
Crucial Conversations
A Journey to the Center of the Earth
A Great and Terrible Beauty
The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian
Dandelion Wine
To Sir, With Love
London Calling
Watership Down
The Invisible
Alice in Wonderland
Through the Looking Glass
20,000 Leagues Under the Sea
The Host
The Hunger Games
Catching Fire
Shadows and Strongholds
The Jungle Book
Beatrice and Virgil
Infidel
Neuromancer
The Help
Flip
Zion Andrews
The Unit
Princess
Quantum Brain
The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks
No One Ever Told Us We Were Defeated
Delirium
Memento Nora
Robopocalypse
The Name of the Wind
The Terror
Sister
Tao Te Ching
What Paul Meant
Lao Tzu and Taoism
Libyan Sands
Sand and Sandstones
Lost Christianites: The Battles for Scripture and the Faiths We Never Knew
The Science of God
Calculating God
Great Contemporaries, by Winston Churchill
City of Bones
Around the World in 80 Days, by Jules Verne
Divergent
Stranger in a Strange Land
The Old Man and the Sea
Flowers for Algernon
Au Bonheur des Ogres
The Martian
The Road to Serfdom
De La Terre � la Lune (ip)
In the Light of What We Know
Devil in the White City
2312
The First Fifteen Lives of Harry August
Red Mars
How to Be a Good Wife
A Mote in God's Eye
A Gentleman in Russia
The Fatal Conceit: The Errors of Socialism
Seneca: Letters from a Stoic
The Juanes Module


Juanes just needed his own mod. Who can disagree.
The River: Part III
Sunday. 4.29.07 5:33 pm


Undeterred, Prussia, newly rich and powerful, had their own designs for the river. During the Austro-Prussian War in 1866, Prussia consolidated some of the southern German states into its empire. During the Franco-Prussian War in the early 1870s Prussia took Alsace-Lorraine and with it, the controlling stake of the Rhine on both banks from the Swiss border all the way to the border with Holland. Suddenly, instead of having to ratify twelve treaties before making modifications to the river, they could act almost unilaterally.

Enter Adolph Eduard Nobiling, a seasoned hydro-engineer who had done work on almost all the other major German rivers. Valuing navigational ease above flood control, he made several more Tulla-like cuts and invented a new type of wing dam, which were like jetties coming out from the banks of the river and which directed the flow to the center of the river so that the river would cut a deep, fast-flowing central channel deep enough for modern boats.

He cut a large hole in the underwater quartz vein near the Lorelei that had so long sent sailors to their deaths- decreasing the effectiveness of the siren's song.

Throughout the century the Dutch had been wriggling their way out of the treaties they'd signed promising to make the Rhine navigable "jusqu'au mer" (to the sea) by interpreting this part of the treaty to say, "until the sea"... so they ended their improvements of the delta just shy of the sea. In another phrase, they promised to make the river navigable "au bouche" to the mouth of the river. Since the Rhine splits into several tributaries and therefore has several "mouths", they chose one of the lesser mouths to improve, again stopping German traffic from reaching the sea. They did this because they had long served as middlemen between Germany and the Rhine basin and they didn't want to give up their rights. Their insolence set an example for the rest of the nations, who repeatedly violated the treaty and cited the Dutch examples as precendents. The city of Mannheim posed a particular problem because they had been enjoying their status as the farthest city that could be reached on the Rhine. They were also part of the state of Baden, who had just built a wide rail network and was eager to use this network as a monopoly on the Swiss transport of goods, since the Swiss had no direct access to the sea. Finally, when the Dutch saw what they had to gain by opening the free trade developing on the Rhine, and the rise of the railroad as competition for shipping began to seriously affect business on the river, everyone resolved these conflicts and, with a series of dams, barrages, wing dams, weir dams and cuts, the engineers opened the river up for year-round shipping all the way from the Swiss city of Basel to the North Sea, turning Switzerland into a sea faring nation and Rotterdam into a world class harbor.

These improvements weren't without their problems, however. Unwittingly, the engineers had changed the pattern of peak river discharge. Normally precipitation would fall over the whole region in the winter or spring and the low-land tributaries would swell and feed into the Rhine and be carried out to sea. The precipitation that fell on the Alps would fall as snow and be stored during the winter and spring and come into the rivers in the summer when it melted, meaning that the peak discharge would always come after that of the Black Forest and Alsace-Lorraine tributaries. If a warm spring melted the snow too early, the upper valleys of the Rhine would flood and hold the water temporarily before it went downstream. After the dikes were built to protect this upstream area from flooding it no longer held water and instead it went straight downstream-- faster than ever before because of the steepened river channel and absence of meanders. Thus instead of taking 2.5 days for the swell to go downriver, it took less than 24 hours. Now instead of peaking in turn, the peaks from the upper and lower tributaries met in the same place at the same time and combined, forming a massive peak of water that slammed into the downstream German cities like Cologne, killing people and destroying property at a level never before seen in history. The river bed was constantly eroding, and people started supplying it with gravel to mediate the erosion.
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